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Cuba Power Structure: Old Guard, Military, and Family in Crisis

Cuba is enduring a profound crisis marked by economic hardship and U.S. hostility under President Trump. The power structure is decentralized, with President Miguel Díaz-Canel sharing influence with aging revolutionaries like Raúl Castro and Ramiro Valdés. The military, through the FAR and GAESA, controls critical economic sectors. Emerging figures from the Castro family, including Alejandro and Mariela Castro Espín, are positioned for future roles. Despite Trump's threats, the Cuban government maintains control, navigating internal and external challenges.

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Cuba Power Structure: Old Guard, Military, and Family in Crisis

Cuba is experiencing one of its most severe crises since the 1959 revolution, with its complex power structure involving aging revolutionaries, the military, and emerging family figures under intense U.S. pressure.

Crisis Context

Cuba is grappling with a critical economic and political downturn, exacerbated by the loss of Venezuelan oil supplies and reduced support from former allies. U.S. President Donald Trump has threatened a "friendly takeover" and increased sanctions, heightening tensions.

Aging Leadership

  • Raúl Castro, 94, former president and brother of Fidel Castro, remains a key figure despite stepping down.
  • Ramiro Valdés, 93, another Granma yacht veteran, serves as vice prime minister and holds historical influence.
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Current Government Figures

  • Miguel Díaz-Canel, 65, is the official president but power is diffused.
  • Manuel Marrero, prime minister since 2019, oversees government operations.
  • Bruno Rodríguez (foreign minister) and Carlos Fernández de Cossio (vice foreign minister) are prominent in diplomatic affairs.

Military and Economic Control

  • The Revolutionary Armed Forces (FAR), historically led by Raúl Castro, are now commanded by Álvaro López Miera, 82.
  • GAESA, a military-run economic group, controls key sectors like tourism through Gaviota. It was sanctioned by the U.S. in 2020.
  • Ania Lastres Morera, 64, leads GAESA and wields significant economic power.

Emerging Family Dynasties

  • Raúl Guillermo Rodríguez Castro, grandson of Raúl, reportedly had secret contacts with U.S. officials, though unconfirmed by both governments.
  • Alejandro Castro Espín, 60, son of Raúl, is involved in political and intelligence matters.
  • Mariela Castro Espín, 63, daughter of Raúl, is a deputy and activist.
  • Oscar Pérez-Oliva Fraga, 55, vice prime minister and trade minister, recently announced economic reforms.
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